摘　　要：介紹了(le)一(yi)種新(xin)(xin)型無(wu)毒脫漆(qi)劑的配方、成分選用和用量因(yin)素分析。試驗表(biao)明：研(yan)制的新(xin)(xin)型無(wu)毒脫漆(qi)劑能有效去除(chu)零件上使用刷涂(tu)(tu)的環(huan)氧底漆(qi)與聚氨酯面漆(qi)涂(tu)(tu)層系統。

１　前言

環氧底(di)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)與聚(ju)氨(an)酯漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)面漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)成的(de)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)層(ceng)性能(neng)良好(hao)，具有很好(hao)的(de)耐酸(suan)堿和溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)性能(neng)，與基(ji)體結合力強，廣泛應用(yong)于航空、航天(tian)、電子、機(ji)(ji)械和太陽能(neng)領域(yu)。但(dan)涂料的(de)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜在(zai)長期使用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)中，會受(shou)到各(ge)種腐蝕介質(zhi)的(de)侵蝕及機(ji)(ji)械損傷(shang)破壞，出現老化、龜裂、起(qi)皮及脫(tuo)落等現象，致使漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜失去(qu)保護(hu)裝飾作(zuo)用(yong)，如果要重新涂裝，則需要去(qu)除舊的(de)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜。常用(yong)的(de)脫(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)方法有機(ji)(ji)械或手工去(qu)除法、脫(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)(ji)去(qu)除法、燃燒法、強氧化劑(ji)(ji)去(qu)除法等。但(dan)這些方法不(bu)僅費時費力，而且容易對(dui)基(ji)體表(biao)面造成機(ji)(ji)械損傷(shang)，特別是(shi)(shi)對(dui)一些幾何形狀比較復(fu)雜(za)的(de)部件更(geng)難處理。新型無毒(du)脫(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)為清除機(ji)(ji)械零件上的(de)環氧底(di)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)與聚(ju)氨(an)酯面漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)舊漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)層(ceng)而研制(zhi)的(de)一種低毒(du)有機(ji)(ji)溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型脫(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)(ji)。

２　試驗方法

２．１　試樣

（１）采用50×120×（0.4～0.5）的鋼試樣，經除油(you)→除銹→吹砂→噴涂環(huan)氧底漆(qi)與聚(ju)氨(an)酯面(mian)漆(qi)→固(gu)化(hua)。

（２）采(cai)用50×120×（0.4～0.5）的(de)不銹(xiu)鋼試樣，經除油→除銹(xiu)→吹砂→噴涂環氧(yang)底漆(qi)與聚氨酯面漆(qi)→固化。

（３）采用50×120×（0.4～0.5）的鋁試樣，經除(chu)油→除(chu)銹→陽極化(hua)→噴涂環氧(yang)底漆(qi)(qi)與聚(ju)氨酯面(mian)漆(qi)(qi)→固化(hua)。試驗時記(ji)錄脫漆(qi)(qi)時間及脫漆(qi)(qi)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。

２．２　配方(fang)的選擇(ze)選擇(ze)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)配方(fang)的依據是“相(xiang)似(si)相(xiang)溶(rong)(rong)原理”即脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)溶(rong)(rong)解度(du)(du)參(can)數極性與(yu)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)底(di)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)(an)酯(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溶(rong)(rong)解度(du)(du)參(can)數極性要相(xiang)匹配。當脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)的溶(rong)(rong)解度(du)(du)參(can)數接近或等(deng)于環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)底(di)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)(an)酯(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的溶(rong)(rong)解度(du)(du)參(can)數時，通常(chang)該樹脂(zhi)可(ke)溶(rong)(rong)解或溶(rong)(rong)脹(zhang)在這(zhe)種脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)中(zhong)，這(zhe)樣可(ke)打斷成膜(mo)(mo)物質中(zhong)的高分子鏈(lian)，使(shi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)層(ceng)剝落或軟化(hua)，直接去除(chu)或有利于進一步刮除(chu)。由于環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)的結構中(zhong)含有脂(zhi)肪(fang)族羥(qian)基，醚鍵、極為(wei)活潑的環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)基的緣(yuan)故，羥(qian)基和(he)醚鍵的極性使(shi)得環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)分子和(he)相(xiang)鄰表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)之間產生(sheng)引力(li)，而(er)且(qie)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)基能(neng)與(yu)含活潑氫的金(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)起反應，生(sheng)成化(hua)學鍵。同時聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)(an)酯(zhi)(zhi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)系脂(zhi)肪(fang)族聚(ju)(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)(an)酯(zhi)(zhi)涂料(liao)，具有優(you)異(yi)的耐(nai)候性，漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)堅(jian)硬(ying)，耐(nai)磨性好，附(fu)著力(li)優(you)良(liang)。因而(er)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)底(di)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)(an)酯(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)層(ceng)對(dui)金(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)的附(fu)著力(li)強(qiang)，耐(nai)化(hua)學腐(fu)(fu)蝕性好。所以(yi)，脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)應選用滲透、溶(rong)(rong)解能(neng)力(li)強(qiang)的材(cai)料(liao)，且(qie)對(dui)基材(cai)無(wu)腐(fu)(fu)蝕。新型無(wu)毒(du)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)主要材(cai)料(liao)為(wei)Ｎ－２甲基吡咯烷酮(tong)、環(huan)(huan)己酮(tong)、助溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)、促進劑(ji)、表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)活性劑(ji)等(deng)。

２．３　配制根(gen)據(ju)配方將各組分放置燒杯(bei)中，常溫(wen)攪拌(ban)至溶液(ye)均(jun)勻。根(gen)據(ju)試樣材料主要采(cai)用刷涂、浸涂脫漆方

３　結果與討論

３．１　主(zhu)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)被(bei)咬(yao)起，主(zhu)要(yao)靠主(zhu)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)滲透(tou)、膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)和溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)等過程來完成。用于(yu)(yu)清(qing)除環(huan)(huan)氧樹脂漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)聚氨酯漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)二(er)氯(lv)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)烷(wan)(wan)(wan)，這是(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)在(zai)氯(lv)代(dai)烷(wan)(wan)(wan)烴衍生物(wu)中，二(er)氯(lv)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)烷(wan)(wan)(wan)是(shi)(shi)最輕的(de)(de)(de)液體化合(he)物(wu)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)小，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)低(di)(di)，滲透(tou)力(li)(li)最強。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)二(er)氯(lv)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)烷(wan)(wan)(wan)毒(du)(du)性(xing)(xing)(xing)大(da)(da)，揮(hui)(hui)發性(xing)(xing)(xing)快，從而引起的(de)(de)(de)職業危害(hai)(hai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和環(huan)(huan)境(jing)污染(ran)性(xing)(xing)(xing)也很大(da)(da)。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)國內外對(dui)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)不斷提高(gao)，傳統二(er)氯(lv)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)烷(wan)(wan)(wan)型脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)將(jiang)被(bei)嚴格限制使(shi)(shi)用，必將(jiang)被(bei)低(di)(di)毒(du)(du)和低(di)(di)揮(hui)(hui)發性(xing)(xing)(xing)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)取代(dai)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此本脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)采(cai)用主(zhu)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)為(wei)低(di)(di)毒(du)(du)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)N－２甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。N－甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)沸點(dian)為(wei)202℃，為(wei)不含(han)二(er)氯(lv)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)烷(wan)(wan)(wan)（沸點(dian)為(wei)41℃）的(de)(de)(de)低(di)(di)毒(du)(du)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)，其分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)小，滲透(tou)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)強，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)使(shi)(shi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)快速(su)溶(rong)(rong)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，與(yu)二(er)氯(lv)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)烷(wan)(wan)(wan)相比(bi)其揮(hui)(hui)發性(xing)(xing)(xing)要(yao)低(di)(di)很多(duo)，而且不會(hui)傷害(hai)(hai)金屬(shu)底(di)材，因(yin)(yin)(yin)此是(shi)(shi)一種優良的(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)原料。環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)（沸點(dian)為(wei)155.7℃），其主(zhu)要(yao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)(shi)揮(hui)(hui)發性(xing)(xing)(xing)慢，溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)好。N－甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)共同組(zu)成脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劑(ji)主(zhu)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)，其分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)滲透(tou)入高(gao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)鏈(lian)(lian)段間(jian)(jian)隙的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)較強，因(yin)(yin)(yin)此當(dang)(dang)N－甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)滲透(tou)入高(gao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)鏈(lian)(lian)段間(jian)(jian)隙后就使(shi)(shi)高(gao)聚物(wu)溶(rong)(rong)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，使(shi)(shi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)體積不斷增(zeng)大(da)(da)，漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)高(gao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)體積增(zeng)大(da)(da)所產生的(de)(de)(de)內應力(li)(li)，可(ke)以減弱和最后破(po)(po)壞漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)對(dui)底(di)材的(de)(de)(de)附(fu)著力(li)(li)。使(shi)(shi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)從點(dian)狀溶(rong)(rong)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)后發展成片狀溶(rong)(rong)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，使(shi)(shi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)成片皺起，徹(che)底(di)破(po)(po)壞漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)對(dui)底(di)材的(de)(de)(de)附(fu)著力(li)(li)，將(jiang)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)咬(yao)起并清(qing)除。可(ke)知，脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)隨N－甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)入量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)加(jia)而減少，但(dan)當(dang)(dang)N－甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)用量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)達(da)到65％以上時(shi)(shi)，脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)減少的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)變少，最后趨(qu)于(yu)(yu)平緩。這是(shi)(shi)因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)N－甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)達(da)到一定量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)以后，此時(shi)(shi)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)趨(qu)于(yu)(yu)恒定，大(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)N－甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)包圍了漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)，增(zeng)加(jia)的(de)(de)(de)N－甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)不能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)再(zai)進一步包圍漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)另外因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)N－甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)本身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)揮(hui)(hui)發性(xing)(xing)(xing)，當(dang)(dang)N－甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)過高(gao)時(shi)(shi)，揮(hui)(hui)發性(xing)(xing)(xing)也會(hui)急劇加(jia)大(da)(da)，對(dui)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)和人(ren)身(shen)危害(hai)(hai)加(jia)大(da)(da)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)此考慮(lv)到環(huan)(huan)境(jing)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素，將(jiang)N－甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)吡(bi)(bi)咯烷(wan)(wan)(wan)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)用量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)控制在(zai)80％以下為(wei)宜。

３．２　助溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)脫漆(qi)劑(ji)(ji)中常用的(de)助溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)是甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)、乙醇(chun)(chun)和異(yi)丙(bing)醇(chun)(chun)等，助溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)加入，可以(yi)與(yu)主溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)分子形成溫(wen)度較低的(de)二元共沸物，同時又(you)有利于纖維的(de)溶(rong)解，起(qi)到潛溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)作用，協同主溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)充分滲入漆(qi)膜，加快(kuai)脫漆(qi)速度。醇(chun)(chun)類助溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)還能獲(huo)得較好的(de)粘度穩(wen)定性。

３．３　促進劑(ji)為了(le)提高(gao)脫漆(qi)效力(li)，可以在脫漆(qi)劑(ji)中(zhong)加(jia)入一些(xie)親核溶劑(ji)———促進劑(ji)，以加(jia)速(su)(su)破壞大分子(zi)鏈段，加(jia)強(qiang)主溶劑(ji)對漆(qi)層的滲透和(he)溶脹作(zuo)用，起到加(jia)速(su)(su)脫漆(qi)的作(zuo)用。脫漆(qi)中(zhong)可選(xuan)用酸或胺類來作(zuo)為促進劑(ji)。由于酸的加(jia)入易促進脫漆(qi)劑(ji)對基體金屬材料(liao)的腐蝕。通常(chang)選(xuan)擇胺類作(zuo)為促進劑(ji)。

３．４　表(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性劑(ji)為了使涂層表(biao)面(mian)(mian)更好(hao)的潤濕，以便(bian)脫(tuo)漆(qi)劑(ji)用(yong)溶劑(ji)分(fen)子更好(hao)的浸入漆(qi)膜中，可在脫(tuo)漆(qi)劑(ji)中加入適量的表(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性劑(ji)。乙二醇乙醚(mi)(mi)對(dui)高分(fen)子樹(shu)脂(zhi)有很強(qiang)的溶解能力，滲透性好(hao)，沸(fei)點較高，價格便(bian)宜，而且(qie)還是優良的表(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性劑(ji)，因此可選用(yong)乙二醇乙醚(mi)(mi)作為本脫(tuo)漆(qi)劑(ji)的表(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性劑(ji)。

３．５　優化配方經過實驗(yan)優化配方：N－甲基吡咯(ge)烷酮和環己(ji)酮80％以下助溶劑(ji)適量(liang)促(cu)進劑(ji)適量(liang)表面活性劑(ji)少量(liang)

４      試片室溫條(tiao)件下浸泡一(yi)定的時間后，漆層會大(da)面積起皺，用水即可沖(chong)掉。也(ye)可用毛刷將漆膜輕輕刷除(chu)。

５　結論

新型無(wu)毒(du)脫漆(qi)(qi)(qi)劑能(neng)有(you)效去(qu)除(chu)零件(jian)上使(shi)用過的環(huan)(huan)氧底漆(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)聚氨酯面漆(qi)(qi)(qi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)層(ceng)，在(zai)室(shi)溫環(huan)(huan)境下(xia)將操(cao)作控制在(zai)一定(ding)的時間(jian)內，能(neng)快速去(qu)除(chu)零件(jian)上使(shi)用過的舊(jiu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)層(ceng)，同時對基體(ti)材料無(wu)腐(fu)蝕作用。